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Gottlieb Kirchhoff : ウィキペディア英語版 | Gottlieb Kirchhoff
Gottlieb Sigismund Constantin Kirchhoff (19 February 1764 – 14 February 1833) was a Russian chemist. In 1812 he became the first person to convert starch into a sugar (corn syrup), by heating it with sulfuric acid.〔Kirchhoff (1811) ''Mémoires de l'Académie impériale des sciences de St. Pétersbourg'', 4 : 27. (From page 27: ) ''"Mr. l'Adjoint ''Kirchhoff'' présenta à la Conférence trois flacons, contenans: 1°) du Sirop produit par l'art dans quelques végétaux (la pomme de terre, le froment et le blé noir ou Sarazin), … "'' (Assistant () Kirchhoff presented to the conference three bottles, containing: (1) syrup produced artificially from some vegetables (potato, wheat and buckwheat or Sarazin), … )〕 This sugar was eventually named glucose.〔Asimov, ''Asimov's Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology'' 2nd Revised edition〕 He also developed a method of refining vegetable oil, and established a factory that prepared two tons of refined oil a day.〔 Since the sulfuric acid was not consumed, it was an early example of a catalyst. (A term that Jöns Jacob Berzelius would later coin.) ==References== 〔
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